cfunction: fix segfault when jl_type_infer doesn't run (#56998)
[Multivectors](https://s3.amazonaws.com/julialang-reports/nanosoldier/pkgeval/by_date/2025-01/05/Multivectors.primary.log)
tried to recurse here too much though a generated function generator
ending up back in inference, leading to a segfault here.
