effects: complements #43852, implement effect override mechanisms (#44561)
The PR #43852 missed to implement the mechanism to override analyzed
effects with effect settings annotated by `Base.@assume_effects`.
This commits adds such an mechanism within `finish(::InferenceState, ::AbstractInterpreter)`,
just after inference analyzed frame effect.
Now we can do something like:
```julia
Base.@assume_effects :consistent :effect_free :terminates_globally consteval(
f, args...; kwargs...) = f(args...; kwargs...)
const ___CONST_DICT___ = Dict{Any,Any}(:a => 1, :b => 2)
@test fully_eliminated() do
consteval(getindex, ___CONST_DICT___, :a)
end
```