Fix `-Wnon-c-typedef-for-linkage` from `jl_codegen_params_t` (#43187)
Currently `jl_codegen_params_t` is defined as `typedef struct {...}`
without a tag name. If we give it an underscore-prefixed tag name (as is
the convention used in our other type declarations), Clang will stop
complaining about having to assume what the name should be for linkage.