Fix lightning cli crashing when trainer defaults contain callback (#21192)
* add parent
* add unittesting of function
* add testing in cli
* add changelog
* split tests
* linter
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Co-authored-by: pre-commit-ci[bot] <66853113+pre-commit-ci[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Jirka B <j.borovec+github@gmail.com>