fix: fallback character-set detection for file-like objects (#4438)
## Summary
`FileTypeDetectionContext.text_head()` applied fallback character-set
detection only to file paths. For file-like objects it decoded with
`errors="ignore"`, silently stripping undecodable characters —
corrupting the text head (and downstream file-type classification) for
non-UTF-8 streams such as S3/GCS objects and API uploads.
## Fix
Mirror the file-path branch: decode strictly with the declared encoding,
and on failure fall back to the existing
`detect_file_encoding(file=content)` (charset-normalizer +
common-encoding fallback). Also resolves the TODO that flagged this gap.
## Test
- Updated
`and_it_uses_character_detection_to_correct_a_wrong_encoding_arg_for_a_file_like_object`
(previously asserted the silent-empty-string behavior) to expect the
corrected text head, matching the file-path case.
- Added
`and_it_detects_a_non_utf8_file_like_object_instead_of_stripping_its_characters`
(latin-1 `BytesIO` regression for #4434).
## Verify
```bash
uv run --no-sync pytest 'test_unstructured/file_utils/test_filetype.py::Describe_FileTypeDetectionContext' -q
```
Local results: the two new/updated tests pass; `ruff check`/`ruff format
--check` clean on changed files. Note: ~24 `mimetype_magic_detection...`
tests fail locally because libmagic is not installed on this macOS box —
they fail identically on `main` (pre-existing environmental failures,
unrelated to this change).
`__version__.py` bumped to 0.26.1 and a CHANGELOG entry added per the
contribution checklist.
## AI Disclosure
Root-cause analysis and the initial patch were AI-assisted; the fallback
approach was verified against the existing `detect_file_encoding()`
helper (which already accepted a `file=` argument), the test was
corrected to latin-1-encodable content, and the final diff was
human-reviewed.
<!-- This is an auto-generated description by cubic. -->
<a
href="https://cubic.dev/pr/Unstructured-IO/unstructured/pull/4438?utm_source=github"
target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"
data-no-image-dialog="true"><picture><source
media="(prefers-color-scheme: dark)"
srcset="https://www.cubic.dev/buttons/review-in-cubic-dark.svg"><source
media="(prefers-color-scheme: light)"
srcset="https://www.cubic.dev/buttons/review-in-cubic-light.svg"><img
alt="Review in cubic"
src="https://www.cubic.dev/buttons/review-in-cubic-dark.svg"></picture></a>
<!-- End of auto-generated description by cubic. -->
---------
Signed-off-by: fei <204683769+feiiiiii5@users.noreply.github.com>