[red-knot] Callable types are disjoint from literals (#17160)
## Summary
A callable type is disjoint from other literal types. For example,
`Type::StringLiteral` must be an instance of exactly `str`, not a
subclass of `str`, and `str` is not callable. The same applies to other
literal types.
This should hopefully fix #17144, I couldn't produce any failures after
running property tests multiple times.
## Test Plan
Add test cases for disjointness check between callable and other literal
types.
Run property tests multiple times.
