[ty] Fix dict.pop overloads to accept arbitrary keys with defaults (#26241)
## Summary
Adjust `dict.pop` overloads in vendored typeshed so calls with a
fallback value accept `object` keys, since those calls will never fail.
Follow-up to https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/pull/25831 - same
principle applies.
Closes https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues/3819
## Testing
Added mdtests.