[ty] Add support for extra arguments in Pydantic model constructors (#26520)
## Summary
This is a first in a series of PRs to add dedicated support for Pydantic
to ty. This PR sets up the main infrastructure for detecting Pydantic
modules / classes using our `KnownModule`/`KnownClass` mechanism.
It also (partially) implements a first feature of Pydantic support. By
default[^1], Pydantic models accept extra arguments in their
constructor:
```py
class Person(BaseModel):
name: str
Person(name="Alice", something_else=7) # okay
```
closes https://github.com/astral-sh/ty/issues/3639 (This PR removes the
false positive. I will track support for `extra="forbid"` and
`__pydantic_extra__` separately)
## Test Plan
- Updated Markdown tests
- New tests around known module / class detection
[^1]: That is, unless `extra="forbid"` is specified. We do not add
support for this config setting here.