[`ruff`] Add `os-path-commonprefix` (`RUF071`) (#23814)
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## Summary
Adds a new rule os-path-commonprefix (RUF071) that detects calls to
os.path.commonprefix(), which performs character-by-character string
comparison instead of path-component comparison — a well-known footgun.
os.path.commonpath() is the correct alternative.
## Test Plan
cargo nextest run -p ruff_linter -- rule_ospathcommonprefix
Closes #22981
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Co-authored-by: Brent Westbrook <brentrwestbrook@gmail.com>
