Refactor the Changelog for use in `report_dry_run` (#17039)
## Summary
Remove duplication in `report_dry_run` by making `Changelog` support
both local and remote dists. This is in support of #16653 and will form
a new basis for #16981.
This also involved refactoring `InstallLogger` and its implementations
to support dry run logging.
Additionally includes some minor refactoring in `SummaryInstallLogger`
and a fix to `InstalledVersion`.
See https://github.com/astral-sh/uv/compare/tk/dry-run-refactor for an
alternative approach (although obviously comes with some caveats).
## Test Plan
There are already quite a few tests which cover the output and they
pass. Manual testing was used to ensure styling stayed consistent.
