Add manylinux target triples up to glibc 2.40 (#9234)
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## Summary
<!-- What's the purpose of the change? What does it do, and why? -->
PR #4965 added `*-manylinux_2_31` as a target triple, and issue #4966
described the need for a more general solution.
In lieu of a general solution, this PR adds further explicit manylinux
target triples for different glibc version up to the one used by the
latest Ubuntu release (glibc 2.40 used in Ubuntu 24.10).
## Test Plan
<!-- How was it tested? -->
Local, manual testing with a Python wheel targeting
`x86_64-manylinux_2_35`.
