Fix `astral-test-pypa-gh-action` publish test bug in patch version retrieval (#18174)
The jq filter used `.files[-1].filename` to get the latest published
version then uses sed to extract the version from a sdist filename, but
the last file in the list can be a wheel rather than an sdist in the
middle of an upload. When it's a wheel, the filename passes through
unchanged and bash complains trying to evaluate it as arithmetic.
e.g.:
> astral_test_pypa_gh_action-0.1.1650-py3-none-any.whl: syntax error:
invalid arithmetic operator (error token is ".1.1650-py3-none-any.whl")
Surprisingly, this does not fail the job — `sed -i
"s/0.1.0/0.1.$((patch_version + 1))/g` fails silently in its subshell,
leaving the version as 0.1.0, `test.pypi.org` returns 400 File already
exists, and the test succeeds because we use `skip-existing: true`.