clang: driver: update android packed relocation logic (#189758)
Hoist this up from the build system so that users of Android's NDK can
benefit from these various packed relocation encodings depending on
which API level they are targeting.
Link: https://github.com/android/ndk/issues/909
Fixes: https://github.com/android/ndk/issues/2193
Link: https://github.com/android/ndk/issues/2188#issuecomment-3366591142
Link:
https://android.googlesource.com/platform/build/soong/+/d046c2afef086a35d24222b09f4d2c4914e8a2a5/cc/linker.go#548
