core: Add async methods to BaseExampleSelector and SemanticSimilarityExampleSelector (#19399)
Few-Shot prompt template may use a `SemanticSimilarityExampleSelector`
that in turn uses a `VectorStore` that does I/O operations.
So to work correctly on the event loop, we need:
* async methods for the `VectorStore` (OK)
* async methods for the `SemanticSimilarityExampleSelector` (this PR)
* async methods for `BasePromptTemplate` and `BaseChatPromptTemplate`
(future work)