chore(analysis/normed_algebra/exponential): golf, generalize (#9740)
* move `real.summable_pow_div_factorial` to
`analysis.specific_limits`, golf the proof;
* use recently added lemma `inv_nat_cast_smul_eq` to golf the proof of
equality of exponentials defined using different fields and
generalize the statement: we no longer require one field to be a
normed algebra over another.
* rename `exp_eq_exp_of_field_extension` → `exp_eq_exp` and
`exp_series_eq_exp_series_of_field_extension` →
`exp_series_eq_exp_series` because we no longer require
`[normed_algebra 𝕂 𝕂']`.