feat(tactic/unify_equations): add unify_equations tactic (#4515)
`unify_equations` is a first-order unification tactic for propositional
equalities. It implements the algorithm that `cases` uses to simplify
indices of inductive types, with one extension: `unify_equations` can
derive a contradiction from 'cyclic' equations like `n = n + 1`.
`unify_equations` is unlikely to be particularly useful on its own, but
I'll use it as part of my new `induction` tactic.