feat(measure_theory): induction principles in measure theory (#3978)
This commit adds three induction principles for measure theory
* To prove something for arbitrary simple functions
* To prove something for arbitrary measurable functions into `ennreal`
* To prove something for arbitrary measurable + integrable functions.
This also adds some basic lemmas to various files. Not all of them are used in this PR, some will be used by near-future PRs.
Co-authored-by: sgouezel <sebastien.gouezel@univ-rennes1.fr>