feat(linear_algebra/affine_space): define `affine_equiv` (#2909)
Define
* [X] `affine_equiv` to be an invertible affine map (e.g., extend both `affine_map` and `equiv`);
* [X] conversion to `linear_equiv`;
* [X] `group` structure on affine automorphisms;
* [X] prove standard lemmas for equivalences (`apply_symm_apply`, `symm_apply_eq` etc).
API changes
* make `G` implicit in `equiv.vadd_const`.