chore(probability/kernel/basic): split into three files (#18957)
Split `probability/kernel/basic` into 3 files:
- basic: definitions of a kernel, classes of kernels and some elementary kernels
- measurable_integral: measurability of the Lebesgue integral against a kernel. I am about to add a lot more material to this file, about (ae-)strong measurability, the Bochner integral, etc. This planned increase in size is the motivation for this PR.
- with_density: the kernel `with_density`. It requires results about measurability of the integral, hence it cannot remain in basic.