refactor(measure_theory/measure/hausdorff): move `dimH` to a new file, redefine (#9391)
* move definition of the Hausdorff dimension to a new file
`topology.metric_space.hausdorff_dimension`;
* move `dimH` and related lemmas to the root namespace;
* rewrite the definition so that it no longer requires
`[measurable_space X] [borel_space X]`; use `rw dimH_def` to get a
version using `[measurable_space X]` from the environment;
* add `dimH_le`, `set.finite.dimH_zero` and `finset.dimH_zero`;
* make `dimH` irreducible.