feat(topology/extremally_disconnected): Extremally disconnected topological spaces (#8196)
From LTE
Author: Johan Commelin
[Zulip discussion](https://leanprover.zulipchat.com/#narrow/stream/267928-condensed-mathematics/topic/extremally.20disconnected.20sets)
Co-authored-by: Patrick Massot <patrickmassot@free.fr>
Co-authored-by: Eric Wieser <wieser.eric@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Yaƫl Dillies <yael.dillies@gmail.com>