feat(ring_theory/int/basic): Induction, nat_abs and units (#6733)
Proves :
* Induction on primes (special case for nat)
* In `int`, a number and its `nat_abs` are associated
* An integer is prime iff its `nat_abs` is prime
* Two integers are associated iff they are equal or opposites
* Classification of the units in `int` (trivial but handy lemma)
Co-authored-by: Ruben-VandeVelde <65514131+Ruben-VandeVelde@users.noreply.github.com>