feat(analysis/special_functions/stirling): Stirling's formula, part I (#14874)
Part 1
- [x] depends on: #14881
Co-authored-by: fabian-kruse <fabian_kruse@gmx.de>
Co-authored-by: nick-kuhn <46423253+nick-kuhn@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Heather Macbeth <25316162+hrmacbeth@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Moritz Firsching <firsching@google.com>
Co-authored-by: nick-kuhn <46423253+nick-kuhn@users.noreply.github.com>