refactor(set_theory/cardinal/*): add `succ_order` instance, rename `succ` lemmas (#14244)
We rename the lemmas on `cardinal.succ` to better match those from `succ_order`.
- `succ_le` → `succ_le_iff`
- `lt_succ` → `lt_succ_iff`
- `lt_succ_self` → `lt_succ`
We also add `succ_le_of_lt` and `le_of_lt_succ`.