refactor(analysis/normed_space/basic): generalize some results to actions by normed_rings (#19053)
This only moves the very basic lemmas for now.
This should be very easy to forward-port:
* Let someone port the new file via the normal mechanism
* Have them delete the duplicate lemmas that appear in CI
A few downstream proofs need some small help with unification, as while the old `normed_space` argument was found by unification, the new `has_bounded_smul` has to be found by typeclass search.