feat(probability/stopping): add properties of the measurable space generated by a stopping time (#13909)
- add lemmas stating that various sets are measurable with respect to that space
- describe the sigma algebra generated by the minimum of two stopping times
- use the results to generalize `is_stopping_time.measurable_set_eq_const` from nat to first countable linear orders and rename it to `is_stopping_time.measurable_space_eq'` to have a name similar to `is_stopping_time.measurable_set_eq`.