feat(algebra/jordan): Introduce Jordan rings (#11073)
Introduces linear Jordan rings; linearises the Jordan axiom; shows that every associative ring has a symmertised product with respect to which it is a commutative Jordan ring.
Linearising the Jordan axiom is an important step towards showing that (commutative) Jordan algebras are power associative.
Co-authored-by: Christopher Hoskin <mans0954@users.noreply.github.com>
