feat(number_theory/cyclotomic/basic): add is_cyclotomic_extension (#10849)
We add a class `is_cyclotomic_extension S A B` expressing the fact that `B` is obtained by `A` by adding `n`-th
primitive roots of unity, for all `n ∈ S`, where `S : set ℕ+`, and some basic properties.
We will add more properties of cyclotomic extensions in a future work.
From flt-regular.