chore(*): add mathlib4 synchronization comments (#18744)
Regenerated from the [port status wiki page](https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib/wiki/mathlib4-port-status).
Relates to the following files:
* `algebra.char_p.char_and_card`
* `category_theory.abelian.basic`
* `category_theory.grothendieck`
* `category_theory.sites.sheaf`
* `combinatorics.simple_graph.adj_matrix`
* `combinatorics.simple_graph.inc_matrix`
* `computability.ackermann`
* `data.string.basic`
* `group_theory.perm.cycle.type`
* `order.category.Lat`
* `order.category.LinOrd`
* `order.category.NonemptyFinLinOrd`
* `order.category.PartOrd`
* `order.category.Preord`
* `ring_theory.eisenstein_criterion`
* `ring_theory.ideal.quotient_operations`
* `topology.algebra.algebra`
* `topology.algebra.infinite_sum.module`
* `topology.instances.real_vector_space`
* `topology.instances.triv_sq_zero_ext`
