feat(geometry/euclidean/circumcenter): lemmas on orthogonal projection and reflection (#4087)
Add more lemmas about orthogonal projection and the circumcenter of a
simplex (so substantially simplifying the proof of
`orthogonal_projection_circumcenter`). Then prove a lemma
`eq_or_eq_reflection_of_dist_eq` that if we fix a distance a point has
to all the vertices of a simplex, any two possible positions of that
point in one dimension higher than the simplex are equal or
reflections of each other in the subspace of the simplex.