chore(measure_theory/measurable_space): use implicit measurable_space argument (#11230)
The `measurable_space` argument is inferred from other arguments (like `measurable f` or a measure for example) instead of being a type class. This ensures that the lemmas are usable without `@` when several measurable space structures are used for the same type.
Co-authored-by: Rémy Degenne <remydegenne@gmail.com>