feat(linear_algebra/matrix/nonsingular_inverse): adjugate_mul_distrib (#8682)
We prove that the adjugate of a matrix distributes over the product. To do so, a separate file
`linear_algebra.matrix.polynomial` states some general facts about the polynomial `det (t I + A)`.
Co-authored-by: Vierkantor <vierkantor@vierkantor.com>