[Clang][OpenMP] Validate omp_initial_device omp_invalid_device as device IDs (#193688)
The counterpart fix for clang (as too done here:
[flang-fix](https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/193669))
The incorrectly interpreted device values in the `target` directive
throws:
```
error: argument to 'device' clause must be a non-negative integer value
#pragma omp target device(-1)
^~
error: argument to 'device' clause must be a non-negative integer value
#pragma omp target device(omp_invalid_device)
^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
```