Reapply "[llc] Register pass plugin callbacks with the new pass manager" (#217727) (#218163)
Reapplies #217727 (aa8d1afeed37), reverted in #218119 (91b04b4d45d9).
The test hardcoded Clang's spelling of an anonymous namespace in
--print-pipeline-passes output. The pass name comes from getTypeName(),
which scrapes __PRETTY_FUNCTION__; that spells anonymous namespaces as
"(anonymous namespace)" under Clang but "{anonymous}" under GCC. Relax
the FileCheck pattern so it is compiler-agnostic.