[mlir][pass] Add `errorHandler` param to `Pass::initializeOptions` (#87289)
There is no good way to report detailed errors from inside
`Pass::initializeOptions` function as context may not be available at
this point and writing directly to `llvm::errs()` is not composable.
See
https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/87166#discussion_r1546426763
* Add error handler callback to `Pass::initializeOptions`
* Update `PassOptions::parseFromString` to support custom error stream
instead of using `llvm::errs()` directly.
* Update default `Pass::initializeOptions` implementation to propagate
error string from `parseFromString` to new error handler.
* Update `MapMemRefStorageClassPass` to report error details using new
API.