[clang][AST] Fix LazyGenerationalUpdatePtr NumLowBitsAvailable on 32-bit (#188318)
The `PointerLikeTypeTraits` for `LazyGenerationalUpdatePtr` claimed
`PointerLikeTypeTraits<T>::NumLowBitsAvailable - 1` spare low bits. This
assumed that the inner `PointerUnion<T, LazyData*>` has `T_bits - 1`
spare bits, which is only true when `alignof(LazyData) >= alignof(*T)`.
On 32-bit systems, `LazyData` (containing pointers and `uint32_t`) has
`alignof = 4`, giving `LazyData*` only 2 low bits. With `T = Decl*` (3
bits due to `alignas(8)`), the inner `PointerUnion` has `min(3,2) - 1 =
1` spare bit, but the PLTT claimed `3 - 1 = 2`.
Historically, the formula was correct when introduced in 053f6c6c9e4d --
at that time `Decl` had no alignment annotation, so `T_bits ==
LazyData*_bits` on all platforms. It became outdated when 771721cb35f3
added `LLVM_ALIGNAS(8)` to `Decl`, raising `Decl*` to 3 bits on 32-bit
while `LazyData*` stayed at 2. The old `PointerIntPair`-based
`PointerUnion::doCast` happened to mask with `minLowBitsAvailable()`
(tolerant of overclaims), so this was never exposed until the
`PunnedPointer` refactoring changed `doCast` to mask with
`To::NumLowBitsAvailable`.
Fixes: https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/issues/188269
Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 4.6 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>