[MC] Teach checkAsmTiedOperandConstraints about optional operands (#81381)
At some point in the past, optional operands have become allowed in the
middle of an instruction. However, `checkAsmTiedOperandConstrains`
hasn't been modified to support this. This patch adds the support by
pulling operand offsets counting out of `convertToMCInst` and reusing it
in `checkAsmTiedOperandConstrains`.