[StrTable] Teach main builtin TableGen to use direct enums, strings, and info
This moves the main builtins and several targets to use nice generated
string tables and info structures rather than X-macros. Even without
obvious prefixes factored out, the resulting tables are significantly
smaller and much cheaper to compile with out all the X-macro overhead.
This leaves the X-macros in place for atomic builtins which have a wide
range of uses that don't seem reasonable to fold into TableGen.
As future work, these should move to their own file (whether as X-macros
or just generated patterns) so the AST headers don't have to include all
the data for other builtins.