[clang][Modules] Refactor modulemap lookup & parse functions, NFCI
* Split `lookupModule` into seperable functions to isolate parsing from
loading of a module.
* Do the same for `parseAndLoadModuleMapFile` functionality.
* Clarify related docstrings.
This is in effort to lookup modules without ever loading the full module
definition, which will be introduced in a follow up patch leveraging
lazy module map searching.