[LoopVectorize] Verify the function once per pass, not once per loop (#216448)
processLoop verifies the whole function once per vectorized loop, making
LoopVectorize quadratic in the number of loops per function on assertion
builds. In an `opt -O3` run the verifier accounts for 59% of the
instructions for a function with 800 vectorizable loops, and 5.6% for
SingleSource/Benchmarks/Linpack/linpack-pc.c.
Move the call to the end of runImpl. Assertion builds still verify what
LoopVectorize produces, but once per function instead of once per
vectorized loop, which costs 0.1-0.7% of the O3 run.
The call was added under DEBUG() in 2012 and became unconditional on
assertion builds in c9f63297e24a. 0aa75fb12faa hit the same problem in
SLPVectorizer and fixed it with EXPENSIVE_CHECKS (#48033).