[clang] [MinGW] Set a predefined __GXX_TYPEINFO_EQUALITY_INLINE=0 for MinGW targets (#96062)
libstdc++ requires this define to match what is predefined in GCC for
the ABI of this platform; GCC hardcodes this define for all mingw
configurations in gcc/config/i386/cygming.h.
(It also defines __GXX_MERGED_TYPEINFO_NAMES=0, but that happens to
match the defaults in libstdc++ headers, so there's no similar need to
define it in Clang.)
This fixes a Clang/libstdc++ interop issue discussed at
https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=110572.