[clang-tidy] Refactor `modernize-redundant-void-arg` (#173340)
Essentially, instead of having individual matchers for functions, and
for pointers to functions, and for casts to functions, and for typedefs
of functions, and (you get the point), this PR unifies them into one
`FunctionTypeLoc`-based matcher.
This refactor is not entirely NFC:
- First, it changes the diagnostic message. What used to be `redundant
void argument list in {function definition, lambda expression, etc.}` is
now just `redundant void argument list`. I don't think we're losing any
important information though.
- Second, it causes the check to fire in more places than it did before.
Specifically, it now removes the 2 `void`s in this test case:
https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/blob/01effcd82dfbd3ce880a20c335334045191f217b/clang-tools-extra/test/clang-tidy/checkers/modernize/redundant-void-arg.cpp#L434-L442
Seeing as this check does want to remove `void` in macros, I believe
this is fixing an FN. And I don't believe I'm violating the intent of
the test case, because [the intent was just to ensure the check doesn't
crash when encountering it](https://reviews.llvm.org/D14204).