[clang-tidy] Fix OOB access in `FormatStringConverter` with signed chars (#169215)
`FormatStringConverter::appendFormatText` incorrectly treated non-ASCII
characters (e.g. UTF-8) as negative values when using signed chars. This
caused them to pass the `< 32` check for control characters.
The negative values were passed to `llvm::hexdigit`, resulting in an OOB
access and a crash.
This closes
[#169198](https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/issues/169198)