[debuginfod] Abort cached file stream if request fails (#232038)
When an HTTP request fails while it already received some data, the
cached file stream is never committed. Destroying it in that state
raises a fatal error, crashing the program (see #184728).
This PR adds an `abort` method that should be called in this situation
before destroying the stream. For the default implementation, only the
output stream is closed. For the `CacheStream` in `llvm::localCache`,
the temporary file is discarded as well.
The test is based on David's reproducer. Since WinHttp seems to discard
the content-length header, I switched to timing out the response
instead.
Fixes #184728. This is still a bug for the symstore locator in lldb, but
I'll fix that in a followup.