[lldb][DIL] Fix infinite loop parsing cv-qualifiers in a C-style cast (#205087)
`ParseBuiltinType` loops over identifier tokens to assemble a builtin type
name. When it encountered the "const" or "volatile" qualifier it executed
`continue` to skip the qualifier without first advancing the lexer, so the loop
re-examined the same token forever. Any cast expression beginning with a
cv-qualifier therefore hung the parser before any evaluation took place.
Advance past the qualifier token before continuing the loop.
Reproduce (hangs forever before the fix):
```
$ ./bin/lldb ./bin/lldb
(lldb) breakpoint set -n main
(lldb) run
(lldb) frame variable '(const int)1'
```
After the fix the qualifier is consumed and the cast evaluates normally
("(const int)1" -> 1); a bare qualifier with no type name is reported as an
ordinary parse error instead of hanging.
Adds regression coverage to the DIL Casts API test.