[clang] Don't silently inherit the VFS from `FileManager` (#164323)
Since https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/158381 the
`CompilerInstance` is aware of the VFS and co-owns it. To reduce scope
of that PR, the VFS was being inherited from the `FileManager` during
`setFileManager()` if it wasn't configured before. However, the
implementation of that setter was buggy. This PR fixes the bug, and
moves us closer to the long-term goal of `CompilerInstance` requiring
the VFS to be configured explicitly and owned by the instance.