[libc++][test] update `MinSequenceContainer.h` to make one more test pass on MSVC STL (#158344)
Continues #140287
`from_range_t` constructor is needed by MSVC STL to pass
`std/containers/container.adaptors/flat.set/flat.set.cons/range.pass.cpp`.
The rest are added to complete the container according to
https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/140287#pullrequestreview-2848573089.