[libcxx] Implement C++20 std::chrono::is_clock, std::chrono::is_clock_v (#160607)
Implemented
[[*time.traits.is.clock*]](https://eel.is/c++draft/time.traits.is.clock)
from [P0355R7](https://wg21.link/p0355r7).
This patch implements the C++20 feature `is_clock` and `is_clock_v`
based on the documentation [on
cppreference](https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/chrono/is_clock.html)
Fixes #166049.