[clang][analyzer] Change value of checker option in unix.StdCLibraryFunctions (second try). (#80457)
Default value of checker option `ModelPOSIX` is changed to `true`.
Documentation is updated.
This is a re-apply of commit 7af4e8bcc354d2bd7e46ecf547172b1f19ddde3e
that was reverted because a test failure (this is fixed now).