[llvm][DebugInfo] Drop \01 mangling prefix when inserting linkage name into accelerator table (#138852)
On some platforms (particularly macOS), a `\01` prefix gets added to the
name in an `asm` label. This gets stripped when we emit the
[`DW_AT_linkage_name`](https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/blob/2f877c2722e882fe6aaaab44d25b7a49ba0612e1/llvm/lib/CodeGen/AsmPrinter/DwarfUnit.cpp#L531).
But we weren't stripping this prefix when inserting the linkage name
into accelerator tables.
This manifested in an issue where LLDB tried to look up a name in the
index by linkage name, but wasn't able to find it because we indexed it
with the `\01` unstripped.
This patch strips the prefix before indexing.